The
Application of Ant Colony Intelligence Algorithm in the Location of Public
Bicycle Rental Station
College of
Science, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
Page No: 254-262
Abstract: This paper, location model of public bicycle
rental station is established by the intelligent ant colony algorithm. Every
ant agent leaves pheromone step by step in the search path, so that it can
solve the problem of the optimal location through the guidance of the
pheromone. The calculation result shows that too much or too little ants will
both affect the searching ability of the algorithm. However, the selection
method of the ants’ number in different models needs further discussion.
Keywords: ant colony intelligence; public bicycle; location
Research on
the Unpredictability of Chaos and Its Applications in Secure Communication
System
Hao Wang
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No: 263-271
Abstract: The chaotic system has many excellent
characteristics, such as the sensitivity to initial conditions, the randomness
of the class, the non-predictability, and so on, which can be confused with the
principle of code design. As one of the most important characteristics of
chaotic systems, it is also one of the most important characteristics of
chaotic systems. The chaotic system is applied to chaotic secure communication.
In particular, it is important to generate the test, analysis and related
system of the secure communication system. The establishment of cell model of
chaotic attractor and periodic orbit theory further deepen the understanding of
the chaos mechanism. It also gives a new idea for the study of the chaos
mechanism, which provides theoretical basis for the practical engineering
application. In the present study, the method of generating chaotic sequences
of secure communication can be divided into two categories, namely, chaotic signal
and chaotic signal. Chaotic signal is used in digital computer. Most of the
theoretical studies are based on the algorithm, which is characterized by the
replication, the noise and the sensitivity to the initial state. Physical chaos
is the actual chaotic circuit or chaotic system, which is realized by the
specific hardware circuit. Physical chaos is considered to be a chaotic system
with unpredictable nature. It is a key to the application of chaotic system in
secure communication. This paper attempts to build a secure communication
hardware platform with unpredictable physical chaos. Above research has
important theoretical significance and application prospect for the development
of chaos theory. First of all, this paper introduces the relevant knowledge of
chaos and cryptography and prediction of related basic theory, and then
conducted a major research in the following aspects: Based on the periodic
orbit theory of chaos simulation analysis of issues related to the discussion,
with the prediction of physical chaotic random sequence and randomly generated
statistical test analysis, based on Chua's circuit s box design and analysis, a
new synchronization scheme based on physical chaos secure communication system.
Keywords: periodic
orbit theory, random sequence, unpredictability, physical chaos, image
encryption, S-box
The Design
and Implementation of Hard Disk Encry Ption Based on DES Algorithm
Hao Wang
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No: 272-277
Abstract: According
to computer crime and Security Research Report in 2002, the computer and the
hard drive stolen data on the hard drive has become the second major security
issues that people care about following the computer virus infection. The basic
security technology to protect the data confidentiality of hard disk is hard
disk data encryption, but the use of software encryption has the problem of
reducing the system performance and its own security. Therefore, it is very
important to study the hardware data encryption system based on modern
encryption technology. At present, many foreign companies and institutions on
the hard disk data encryption research, has also developed a number of
commercial products and encryption chip, but the domestic research compared
with foreign countries have a larger gap. Combining with the modern basic
knowledge of cryptography and the FPGA technology, developed a line of hard
disk based on DES algorithm encryption card. The main work includes: 1) Hard
disk operating mechanism and ATA standard; 2) FPGA design technology research; 3)
Basic research of modern cryptography; 4) On line type hard disk encryption
card; 5) Discussion on key management scheme. In the line of hard disk
encryption card developed in, we have used the high level design method and
bottom-up design method, the use of hardware description language VHDL to
describe the encryption card each FPGA module, PROTEL software encryption card
of the peripheral circuit and the whole card design. At the end of this paper, the
shortcomings of the current research work and the work of the future will be
improved in the future.
Keywords: hard disk encryption, encryption technology, key
management, DEC
Several Program
Design Method of Single Key Start-stop Based on PLC
Feng Jiang
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No: 278-281
Abstract: Based on Siemens s7-300 series PLC as the
carrier, according to the characteristics of the PLC control system, several
kinds of program design method of single key start-stop are put forward, which
can be widely used in engineering practice. In actual work, we often encounter
such a situation: “A motor is asked to control by a button”. It means the motor
starts to run when the button is pressed for the first time, and stop at the
second time. This is called key start-stop. This kind of control mode is widely
used. It can make the actual wiring circuit greatly simplified, and save the
hardware cost, greatly reduce the failure caused by the buttons. So it can make
the circuit more economic and reasonable. There is several program design
method of single key start-stop based on PLC.
Keywords: PLC, single key start-stop, program
PLC Control
System of the Vertical Circular Garage
Feng Jiang
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No: 282-284
Abstract: This paper introduces the automatic control
system of vertical circulation garage briefly. The system is controlled by PLC,
Can realize automatic deposit a car or take a car. With the information
distinguished of IC card controller and PLC operated by the way of
communication, the pay by credit card, the time and charge and the automatic
system of deposit and withdraw car are combined into an organic whole.
Keywords: vertical
circular garage, PLC, control system
On the
Predicament, Logic and Perfection of China's Bill Discounting System
Rong Wang
College of
Comparative Law, China University of Political Science and Law, China
Page No: 285-296
Abstract: As the imperfect of China's legal system for the
bill discounting, there are still several problems in aspects of the bill
discounting, such as single category of bill discounting, less participated
subjects and fictional trading background, which have significantly influenced
the development of the bill discounting business in a healthy way. In
recognition of the legal nature, the bill discounting refers to bill
transaction, which is the embodiment of bill negotiability. However, the
existent China's Law of Bill denies the no-cause character of bill business,
which does not meet the need of generally commercial practice as well as
deviates from the legal attribute of negotiable bills. On the basis of the
recognition for the no-cause character of bill business, the financial bills
should be legalized. In accordance with the legal logic of bill discounting,
China's Law of Bill should improve the relevant rules and regulations for bill
discounting as well as recognize the no-cause character of bill business during
the process of revisions in the future, and the legitimate status of financial
bills should also be recognized on this basis.
Keywords: bill discounting, the legal nature, financial
bills, the no-cause character
Improve the Service
Work of Subject Librarian in University Library
Dongju Bu, Yueheng
Cao
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Jilin University, China
Page No: 297-301
Abstract: Subject librarian is familiar with the library
and information science, and has a professional background, to provide personalized
information service to the scientific research and teaching of professional
personnel. The center of gravity of the service of the university library is
transferred from the general service to the subject librarian service mode,
which is adapted to the needs of university teaching and scientific research.
Keywords: library, subject librarian service, present
situation of subject librarian, library resources
Problems and
Function Development of RFID in the Application of University Libraries: Take
the Library of Changchun University of Science and Technology as an Example
Yi Shen
Library of
Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun Jilin, 130022, China
Page No: 302-307
Abstract: Taking the Changchun University of Science and Technology
library as an example, the application of RFID technology in the university
library is analyzed, and the problems of RFID technology are discussed.
Keywords: RFID technology, university library, function
development
The Process Analysis
of University Digital Campus Data Integration Scheme
Jingchun
Wang
Information
Center, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No: 308-314
Abstract: The digital construction of university has
established many independent systems in different stages of development. In
this paper, we introduce the implementation of data integration scheme based on
Data Integrator Oracle (ODI), which can integrate the new business system into
the new business system, which is convenient, flexible and scalable.
Keywords: data integration, demand analysis, overall
architecture, ODI
Parameter
Turning and Simulation of PID Controller for Hydraulic Servo System Based on
ITAE Index
Duanyuan Bai
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, P. R. China
Page No: 315-319
Abstract: In this paper, the optimal controller tuning
based on ITAE (Integral Time Absolute Error) is discussed for the hydraulic
servo system. On the same hydraulic servo system model, under the ITAE index,
the integer order PID controller(IOPID) and fractional order PID
controller(FOPID) are designed respectively, parameter tuning is performed and
the simulation results are given.
Keywords: hydraulic
servo system, ITAE Index, parameter tuning, fractional order control
Noise
Measurement and Analysis of High Power Semiconductor Laser Diodes with Low
Current Injection
Duanyuan
Bai, Xin Gao and Baoxue Bo
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, Jilin China
Page No: 320-326
Abstract: The noise of semiconductor device has a good
correlation with the quality and reliability of the device. Therefore, low
frequency electrical noise is often used to evaluate the reliability of
semiconductor laser diodes. In this paper, the measurement of the low frequency
electric noise in 808nm High power semiconductor laser is carried out with
continuous changing low injection current, apply software to process measure
data, obtained. The noise power spectrum density curve of the device under
different injection current.
Keywords: semiconductor laser diodes, low frequency
electric noise, reliability evaluation
Design of
Predictive Controller Based on Dynamic Matrix
Hanping Hu,
Chenjie Zhang
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
Page No: 327-333
Abstract: Firstly, this paper introduces the development
and application of the predictive control, and then introduces the theoretical
knowledge of the predictive control system, and further introduces a common
algorithm in predictive control, dynamic matrix control (DMC). In this paper,
the basic principle and algorithm of dynamic matrix control theory are
discussed, and the design method of its parameters is also introduced. At last,
the paper introduces the dynamic matrix control system used in the water
heater, and verifies the feasibility of the dynamic matrix control system by
simulation.
Keywords: control theory, predictive control, dynamic
matrix control
The
Application of Principle of Proportionality in Investor-State Arbitration
Ling Ma
Ph.D.
Candidate, Faculty of International Law, China University of Political Science
and Law, Beijing, China
Page No: 334-349
Abstract: Due to the adjudication of a large range of
regulatory measures under investor-state arbitration (ISA), the belief that
bilateral investment treaties (BITs) fail to balance investment protection with
a host country's right to regulate has gained currency as of late. In order to
balance investment protection with regulation, many scholars have advocated for
the use of public law principle of proportionality to interpret BITs. This
paper critically examines the application of the principle of proportionality
in BITs under two heads. First, analyzed the application of principle of
proportionality in ISA cases, given the attitude of the different tribunals
toward the issue; second, given deep discussion in proportionality principle in
BITs and found out that when interpreting BITs, application of principle of
proportionality in many instances will completely ignore the clear textual
language and thus violate the rules of treaty interpretation.
Keywords: principle of proportionality, investor-state
arbitration, bilateral investment treaty
An Education
Resources Recommendation System Based on Web Services
Long Wang1,
Hua Pang2
1College of Information, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036,
China
2College of Education Technology, Shenyang Normal University,
Shenyang 110034, China
Page No: 350-354
Abstract: In
this paper, a new education resources recommendation system based on web
services is presented. The web services technology is simply introduced. The
work process of this system is depicted in detail and the implementation scheme
is given. The experiment shows that the accuracy, the precision and the recall of
this system are high enough.
Keywords: web services, education resources, recommendation
service
Based on the
Experience of the Sustainable Development of Sports Tourism Culture
Muchun Hao
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
Page No:
355-358
Abstract: In
order to better study of sports tourism culture, and guide people to healthy
consumption, promote the development of tourism economy, promote the sports
cultural transmission, this paper USES theory and case analysis, this paper
expounds the origin and development of sports culture, the current situation of
sports tourism culture in China, especially in the primary stage of development
characteristic as well as in promoting regional economic development stage,
strengthen international cultural exchanges, promote the construction of
spiritual culture of the important role. Well the first guide people tourism
consumption, know the development of Chinese sports tourism culture.
Keywords: international cultural exchanges, sports tourism
culture
The Role of
Games in Physical Education Teaching
Muchun Hao
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
Page No:
359-363
Abstract: Article
from the perspective of education and sports science, systematically elaborated
the sports games in the sports teaching the application of each link, for
schools to improve teaching quality, has certain guiding significance.
Keywords: sports games, sports teaching, preparation
activities
Research on
the Psychological Intervention Training of Influence to the University
Volleyball Training Skills and Study Achievements
Muchun Hao
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
Page No:
364-367
Abstract: In
recent years, volleyball in P.E. teaching at university has become very
popular; developing the speeding up of footsteps along with volleyball,
therefore methods on teaching volleyball has also become an important issue
that many college sports teachers are facing. The Psychological Intervention
Training (PIT) plays an important part of university volleyball teaching, and
the correct PIT plays a significant role in improving the volleyball teaching
quality. This article first analyzes in the significance of PIT to university
volleyball teaching, and discusses several methods of PIT based on this, which
will provide certain reference for the enhancement of university volleyball
teaching quality in the future.
Keywords: psychological intervention training, university
volleyball training
Some
Thoughts on the Individualized Information Service of University Library under
the Network Environment
Luzhuang
Wang
Library of
Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No:
368-373
Abstract: With
the rapid development of computer technology, communication technology and
Internet technology, people can cross time and space, and get the information
which they are interested in all over the world through the Internet. The high
frequency of use of Internet search engines indicates that the main obstacle to
access to information has changed from a spatial barrier to a selective
barrier. In this paper, the main research in the network environment, the user
needs to change to the university library information service opportunities and
challenges, introduces the meanings and development actualities of
individualized service in library, and illustrates feasibilities of
individualized service of library, also presents the countermeasures to build
individualized service.
Keywords: network, university library, individualization,
information service
AOSLO Image
Stabilization Algorithm Based on Gray Projection
Guangqiu
Chen, Binbin Huo, and Baokun Zhu
School of Electronic
and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology,
Changchun, 130022, China
Page No:
374-379
Abstract: Confocal
scanning laser ophthalmoscope based on adaptive optics can correct the
aberrations, which can achieve high resolution imaging in vivo retinal. But
because of the micro tremor of the patient and the jitter of the device, the
video image of the adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) output
is blurred. To solve this problem, an AOSLO image stabilization algorithm based
on gray projection is proposed. Firstly, histogram equalization is used to
preprocess the original video image, and the motion vector is obtained by the
row-column projection searching for matching areas method, then cross
correlation algorithm is used as the matching measure to correct the error of
motion vector, finally the fixed frame compensation method is used as motion
compensation to realize video stabilization. Experimental results show that the
proposed image stabilization algorithm can effectively remove the blur and
enhance the contrast of the video images.
Keywords: AOSLO, image, stabilization algorithm, gray
projection
Blind
Restoration Algorithm of AOSLO Image Based on Diffusion Model in Variational
Bayesian Framework
Guangqiu
Chen, Yongxia Liu and Baokun Zhu
School of
Electronic and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and
Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No:
380-387
Abstract: For
retinal image obtained by adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO)
is blur, a blind image restoration algorithm based on diffusion model under
variational Bayesian framework is proposed. An original image is depicted by
diffusion model with gradient operator and unknown model parameters are
described by Gamma distribution. Final, original image and some parameters are
estimated by variational Bayesian KL criterion. Experimental results indicate
that the proposed algorithm can reduce noise, better preserve the image
details, and advance the quality and contrast of AOSLO image.
Keywords: blind restoration algorithm, AOSLO image,
variational Bayesian framework, diffusion model
Infrared Dim
Small Target Detection Based on Local Homogeneous Background Prediction
Guangqiu
Chen, Fang Xing and Baokun Zhu
School of
Electronic and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and
Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No:
388-394
Abstract: Background
prediction method is one of the major methods for suppressing the background in
infrared dim small target detection. In this paper, an algorithm based on local
homogeneous background prediction is proposed, on the basis of the analysis of
the gray feature model of different background components on sky background,
edge detection is carried out and the image is divided into different regions
including different gray nature, the results of edge detection are used to
modulate prediction weight matrix, then the convolution operation is performed
between the original image and the different region prediction weight matrices
to obtain the different region prediction images which are summed to obtain
prediction image. Residual image is obtained from the difference between the
original image and the predicted image. Simulation results show that the
proposed algorithm can effectively preserve the details and reduce the negative
impact on the prediction from the pixel gray level in heterogeneous region, and
significantly improve the detection performance of small targets in low SNR
conditions.
Keywords: background prediction, image, target detection
Infrared
Small Target Detection Based on DoG Scale Space and Mean-shift
Guangqiu
Chen, Lei Yang and Shaoxiong Xiang
School of
Electronic and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and
Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No:
395-401
Abstract: Aiming
at the defect of conventional infrared small target detection algorithm, a
novel algorithm based on difference of Gaussian (DoG) scale space and mean
shift is proposed. First, the candidate target points are detected by DoG scale
space, the candidate target points may be the real target, also may be pseudo
target such as noise or clutter, then according to the movement of the target
among the frames having the properties of the relevance and continuity,
infrared small target detection is realized by the mean shift based on kernel
density estimation detecting algorithm eliminating pseudo targets. Experimental
results show that the proposed algorithm has better accuracy and real-time
performance.
Keywords: small target detection, difference of Gaussian,
kernel density
Reflection
of Programming Language Selection in SCM Teaching
Jinghui Su,
Shumei Guo
School of
Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and
Technology, Changchun 130000, China
Page No: 402-406
Abstract: SCM is
a required course which is both information-theoretic and practical for
students of science and engineering in colleges and universities. Presently,
most colleges and universities adopt assembly language in teaching. There,
however, also are a few of colleges and universities adopting C language. Based
on the analysis of features of assembly language and C language, and in
combination with the practical experience in SCM teaching, the writer proposes
a reformation scheme of SCM teaching mainly with C language and with the help
of assembly language in this article, and has achieved good teaching results
through practice.
Keywords: SCM teaching, assembly language, C language,
teaching reform
Ultrasonic
Distance Measurement System Based on Microcontroller
Jinghui Su,
Jie Lin
School of
Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and
Technology, Changchun 130000, China
Page No:
407-413
Abstract: In
this article, a system which adopts a microcontroller for purpose of
controlling and data processing and is capable of realizing ultrasonic ranging
has been designed. In this system, SCM MSP430F449 is adopted as the control
center, an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving circuit is equipped, and a
temperature compensation circuit is designed to correct and compensate the
velocity of ultrasonic wave at different temperatures, so that the system can
perform a precise measurement in various environments. The ultrasound system
has functions of distance detection, data compensation and display function,
measurement accuracy, stable performance, and can be applied to a variety of
non-contact distance detection.
Keywords: ultrasonic wave, distance-measuring system,
microcontroller MSP430, temperature compensation
Research of
Provincial E-Government Extranet Based on MPLS VPN & IPSec VPN
Jinghui Su,
Kai Dong
School of
Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and
Technology, Changchun 130000, China
Page No:
414-420
Abstract: This
thesis give a technology scheme about the application of MPLS VPN on the
backbone network platform for e-government and IPSec VPN on the accessing of
small towns’ edge networks and mobile offices is put forward so that the
network for e-government could become a safe, flexible, practical, advanced, of
easy management, and easy to expand the platform. Giving the structure design
about the province e-government network based on MPLS VPN, carrying out the
MPLS VPN, IPSec VPN deployment, it has a certain reference significance in
constructing the large network platform for e-government.
Keywords: E-Government, VPN, MPLS IPSec
Pattern
Recognition Course Task Driven Teaching Case Design
Duanyuan
Bai, Chenjie Zhang
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No:
421-425
Abstract: In
this paper, the concept and the specific implementation method of task driven
case teaching are put forward, which is based on the teaching of "pattern
recognition". According to the core content of the pattern recognition
curriculum teaching outline, set the task case, covering the core knowledge
point. Effectively improve students' learning interest and cultivate the
ability to solve problems.
Keywords: pattern Recognition, task driven teaching, classroom
discussion
Automatic
Control Theory Course Task Driven Teaching Case Design
Duanyuan
Bai, Chenjie Zhang, Mingqiu Li, and Chengjun Tian
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
Page No:
426-431
Abstract: This article
puts forward the task driven case teaching conception and specific
implementation methods, according to "automatic control principle"
course teaching. It changes the past oriented to impart knowledge of
traditional teaching concept to solve problems, to complete the task of
multi-dimensional interactive teaching philosophy. Suitable for automatic
control principle course teaching. According to the core content in the course
syllabus of the principle of automatic control, set the task case, covering the
core knowledge. Effectively improve students' learning interest and cultivate
the ability to solve problems.
Keywords: automatic control theory, task driven teaching
method, classroom discussion
The
Comprehensive Ability of Petroleum Engineering Students under Interactive
Network Teaching
Xiuming Tang1,
Aihua Xu2, Jianjun Xu2
1The College of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum
University, Daqing, 163318, China
2The College of Electrical Information Engineering, Northeast
Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
Page No: 432-439
Abstract: At present, the comprehensive ability of Chinese
internal students of Automation is not optimistic; the traditional class
teaching system has great limitations in training students' innovation ability.
The characteristics which include the
subjectivity of learning, the openness of teaching environment, the
interactivity of composition teaching and the diversity of teaching methods and
teaching evaluation of interactive network teaching play a very important role
in the training of innovation ability, information quality and the process of
autonomous learning.
Keywords: internet environment, engineering students,
information quality, innovative thinking
On the
Multi-ball Drill in Tennis
Yongshan
Peng*
School of
Physical Education, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang,
China
Page No: 440-445
Abstract: In the tennis training for college students,
whether they are in primary level, intermediate level, or high level, it is
proved that the multi-ball drill is good for students to master the basic
techniques, which are conducive to the standard of the technical movements, and
to correct the wrong movements. The multi-ball is good for students to improve
the intensity and difficulty of training, and good for strengthening the sports
load, so as to improve the quality of teaching.
Keywords: tennis,
training, multi-ball
Research and
Development Trend and Analysis of Scientific and Technological Information
Yaoyao Zhao
Changchun
University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
Page No: 446-450
Abstract: This
paper expounds the 5 stages of the research of science and technology
information in our country and their experiences and lessons. In the new
century, the science and technology information interface is facing a new
environment and challenge. On the basis of the ten principles of information
science, this paper discusses how to create a scientific and technological
information research road with Chinese characteristics.
Keywords: science and technology information research,
experience, lesson, environment, challenge, road
Analysis of
Critical Information Infrastructure Protection
Kangqing
Wang
Graduate
School, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing, China
Page No: 451-456
Abstract: This
article is based on the case of Japan. Japan focuses on critical infrastructure
security for a long time. In the 1990 of the 20th century, the Japan critical
infrastructure legislation, policy protection system taking shape, has issued a
number of laws and national strategies of legal policy, policies to improve
critical infrastructure protection system has gradually developed a system, the
layered critical infrastructure protection system. Protection of critical
infrastructure in China is still in the exploratory stage, development has been
slow. To this end, China should learn from Japan and other countries of
advanced experience and practices, construction reasonable, comprehensive
system of laws and policies to protect and establish government-led, the
safeguarding system of enterprises and institutions to actively cooperate with
the open communication channels, building critical infrastructure information
sharing mechanisms, improving national capacity for protection of critical
infrastructure security and standards.
Keywords: Japan, China, critical information
infrastructure, laws, regulations
The Research
on Handwritten Numeral Recognition Based on the ReliefF Algorithm
Yan Wang
College of
Science, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin132022, China
Page No: 457-461
Abstract: In
this paper, a novel algorithm combining the ReliefF algorithm and the support
vector machine (SVM) to recognize handwritten numeral is presented. The ReliefF
algorithm is adopted to rank the weight of the feature and reduce the feature’s
dimension of the numeral image. The SVM is employed to recognize the
handwritten numeral with the reduced feature based on ReliefF algorithm. The
experimental verification shows that the novel algorithm is an efficient method
to recognize the handwritten numeral.
Keywords: the recognition of handwritten numeral, support
vector machine (SVM), the ReliefF algorithm, feature extraction